
Wikileaks’s Julian Assange is a free man, deepfakes cause trouble in the playground, and we hear hot takes about ransomware and tales from inside a devastating denial-of-service attack.
All this and much much more is discussed in the latest edition of the “Smashing Security” podcast by cybersecurity veterans Graham Cluley and Carole Theriault, joined this week by Eleanor Dallaway.
Warning: This podcast may contain nuts, adult themes, and rude language.
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This transcript was generated automatically, probably contains mistakes, and has not been manually verified.
They meddled with his internet connection so he couldn't use it for a while. I guess they switched it to TalkTalk. Basically the same as not having an internet connection, isn't it?
Smashing Security, episode 378: Julian Assange: Inside a DDoS Ransomware Attack and Deepfake Traumas with Carole Theriault and Graham Cluley.
Hello, hello, and welcome to Smashing Security episode 378. My name's Graham Cluley.
It is the co-founder of Assured and perhaps best known as the former editor of Infosecurity magazine. It's Eleanor Dallaway. Hello, Eleanor.
Coming up on today's show, Graham, what do you got?
And previously to that, he was squatting in the Ecuadorian embassy in London for 7 years or so. He is out. He's out of the UK.
He's a free man and obviously quite a controversial figure. We've talked about Julian Assange before, back in episode, let me think, episode 245, I think. We talked about—
There was this wild assassination plan plotted by the CIA against Assange if he was ever bussed out of the embassy by Russian agents wanting to take him to Moscow.
So extraordinary things have happened, and the truth is that Julian Assange, he's a bit of a Bond villain, isn't he?
He's obviously passionate in his beliefs, and you know, that can be admirable. But he's— I find it a little bit of difficulty to feel comfortable really liking him.
There are torrid tales of Assange.
There are historic rape and assault claims which have been made in Sweden against him, as well as the well-known hacking-related allegations from the United States.
First with the release of almost half a million documents related to US action in Iraq and Afghanistan, containing a series of damaging revelations to the White House, including a video of a US helicopter attack in Baghdad that killed a Reuters journalist.
He made himself back in 2016 the enemy of millions and millions of US Democratic voters because he published leaked emails which had been hacked from the DNC in the Hillary Clinton campaign in the run-up to the 2016 election.
So for those of you who don't remember or too young to remember the pre-Trumpian days, Julian Assange published emails stolen from the Democrat Party in Hillary Clinton's campaign, emails that had been hacked from them by the Russian Fancy Bear Gang.
Which has links to the Kremlin.
So as well as emails from Hillary Clinton or the hacked Chief of Staff John Podesta, you also got other people's private emails, and they were made completely searchable.
I remember episode 245, and I remember very little, as you know, but I do remember that we talked a lot about him not redacting information, putting people at risk, and that being the really big thing that certainly, you know, bugged me about it all.
And the real winner, believe it or not, was actually Elon Musk.
I was actually searching for dentist recommendations. This morning, I was doing it. Email addresses, phone numbers, it's all there.
And the conspiracy theorists believe that there were even emails containing coded messages about Pizzagate.
So he could choose what to release and he could choose when, and he was weaponized in that.
So I find it personally a little bit difficult to say, oh, he's just about freedom of the press and all information should be free.
It's like, well, it's certainly under his kind of terms that he's doing that.
I don't have a problem with whistleblowers, but I think there's a responsibility that comes with that. For me, he pushed those boundaries a little bit. A lot.
And what am I doing here defending Julian Assange? At the time, he was in the Ecuadorian embassy.
I guess they switched it to TalkTalk. It's basically the same as not having an internet connection, isn't it?
Where he was smearing some of his— I would say data dumps, but certainly his dumps on the wall.
So if you do read up about this, he wasn't necessarily being the most lovely houseguest. That is foul. But that isn't the only reason the Ecuadorians wanted him out, of course.
WikiLeaks were doing other things to make themselves unpopular and to be seen as the bad guys in the eyes of Western governments.
In March 2017, they released information about some ultra-secret CIA hacking tools. It was the Vault 7 leak described as the largest data loss in CIA history.
And WikiLeaks claimed, albeit incorrectly, that encrypted chat apps like Signal and WhatsApp had been cracked by the CIA. They hadn't.
They said that Samsung TVs were being remotely hacked to spy on conversations. They weren't.
And WikiLeaks said it would work with software vendors to fix the zero-day vulnerabilities. People at Apple and Google. They didn't.
And within a week they pulled back and said that they weren't going to do that.
And you have to think, if these really were vulnerabilities which the CIA or indeed any other intelligence service might be exploiting, wouldn't it be good to work with the vendors to protect them if they had details of these bugs?
So some of this information they were coming out with was a bit questionable.
And time and time again, whether it be diplomatic cables which were coming out, whether it was stolen email archives being published, and innocent people potentially being put at risk because WikiLeaks wasn't protecting it.
They didn't want him coming to America and facing trial and all that hoo-ha. He's agreed a plea deal. He's pleaded guilty to one charge.
He won't have to spend any time in a US prison. His sentence is the time he's already served in Belmarsh in the UK. His health has been suffering, and they forced him to plead.
The plea they've made him force is a conspiracy to violate the Espionage Act, which according to the law amounts to receiving and obtaining— this is interesting— receiving and obtaining secret documents and willfully communicating them to persons not entitled to receive them.
Now, that definition would cover an awful lot of whistleblowing, wouldn't it?
I willfully communicate them to people not entitled to receive them. Because sometimes governments do need to be taken into account. And so I have some sympathy there.
Now, what we might see is future US presidents decide that certain journalists are, quote, enemies of the people, and ensure that their attorney general throws the book at them, because they will feel more empowered.
Journalists are revered all the world over, and governments love them, especially when they point out the things that they're trying to hide. It's totally—
It was hosted by SecureWorks, and it was only members of the press were invited along, and it was surprisingly really quite enjoyable because it was so nice to see my fellow cyberhack peers, including the lovely Dan Raywood and James, who were both on my team at InfoSec Mags.
It's old days. And the Beebs, Joe Tidy, who, fun fact, was on the editorial team with me at our student newspaper.
Anyway, I have done a lot of these types of events before. We even run them at Assured actually, but there are a few things that struck me as uniquely notable or interesting.
And the fact also that they use a publishing house as the case study of the hacked company, the ransomware simulation, was a bit of a trippy walk down memory lane for me, back to the summer of 2021 when Infosecurity Magazine were taken offline for 6 weeks due to a whopper of a DDoS attack.
So 6 weeks, 6 weeks, it's horrendous, isn't it?
So you have lots of different teams pulling in different directions.
You've got, especially when it comes to the messaging, you've got the legal team saying one thing, the marketing team for the company saying another.
I mean, we were owned by Reed, a FTSE company, a lot of global players involved.
And then of course you've got this sort of hands-on editorial team, people that are very closely connected to the industry, that are saying, well, I want to do it this way because we have to eat our own dog food, right?
We cannot cover this up, which you'll be unsurprised to learn is exactly what some of the head honchos wanted to do, right? So there was lots of sort of internal battling going on.
Talking about the comms, I turned instantly to some people in the industry who I really trust for their advice on what to do, what to say, and we tried to manage it as transparently as we could.
But for 6 weeks, all we could really do in a literal sense in terms of the work was prep for sort of evergreen features, because we knew that there was no point writing news.
We did switch to a podcast to try and present news in some way to the readers. But really, there was very little we could do other than work with our tech providers, the CMS.
It was the CMS that was hacked, actually. So work with them as closely as we could to try and build— we had to build a new CMS and migrate everything.
You know, people would go there every day or multiple times a day to get the latest cybersecurity news, and suddenly the website wasn't there.
So it would've been very difficult to hide what was wrong.
And somebody did say to me in the industry, I really do think it could be coming from that, right?
The likelihood was it was something completely disconnected to that, but it was our CMS system that was DDoSed, and they also looked after a very large British bank.
And because they had to prioritize that customer, they basically just said, we are shutting you down and there's nothing we can do about it.
So it was a very trying time, but it was actually really interesting from my perspective because I get to put into practice all the things that we wrote about.
And we did, and hopefully sort of did the industry proud in the way that we were very transparent and open.
Frustrating as it was that we weren't able to do what we did, that we lost our bread and butter. We were also losing vast amounts of money at the time.
We were making a huge amount of revenue on digital advertising and serving impressions on the website, and obviously running webinars and podcasts, and all of that just had to cease for a whole 6 weeks.
So it just took a massive financial hit as well, which was definitely not the main thing, but certainly consideration as well, especially to obviously a very corporate company like Relaix.
I mean, reasons to do it would be something political, or they don't like you for some reason, in which case, what's the point of doing it unless you post something on Twitter claiming responsibility and saying why, to make your point and saying that, you know, Infosecurity Magazine is a terrible outfit, you know, and something like that.
But, yeah, do you know what was interesting?
There were 9 of us journalists at that event yesterday, and somewhere between a third and a half of us had worked at a publication that had been the victim of a cyberattack that had quite literally taken them offline.
Obviously well publicized that The Guardian had suffered high-profile attacks, including the ransomware in 2022.
They obviously reported on themselves, but we got some sort of insider scope on that yesterday as well.
And you're saying that they had 3 hours once they discovered the attack to work out how to put out a print newspaper without any access to their software or servers or any IT system.
It's just amazing business continuity. But we all know you say it how it is. You say as much as you can without saying too much.
But one thing that a victim didn't want to say recently, they didn't want to use the word ransomware in their comms. So instead they used the term unscheduled encryption.
And the reason are these allegations that students have used deepfake tech to create porn images of some classmates.
So the incident reportedly involved students from an all-boys school who manipulated images to create explicit content of girls from a nearby girls' school.
And the schools implicated are not named, but they are described as some of the most prestigious private institutions in the UK.
So up to a dozen female classmates were sexualized and debased via these pornographic deepfakes.
And the whole thing is this is a case of a broader trend where the misuse of deepfakes to create non-consensual explicit content is becoming more prevalent because tools to make it happen are readily accessible and fairly simple to use, as far as I understand.
Is that your take as well?
And actually, Glamour magazine shared a few stories, one that included the story of Jody. This is not her real name.
Jody, she gets sent a link and she opens it and she finds images and a video of her appearing to have sex with various men.
And the image was deepfaked, digitally altered to edit Jody's face onto another non-consenting woman's body.
Someone apparently posted Jody's face on a porn site and asked if any other users could create fake porn of her.
And the thing is, is when something happens, it can haunt you for a long time, right? Because once it's out there, it's out there.
So for Jody, she said she faced years of image-based abuse. So Jody's images were being used without her consent on dating apps and social media.
One caption reportedly read, "What would you do with little teen Jodie?" Okay, so let's take a pause here.
So if this kind of thing happened to me now as a woman in her 40s, I'd be effing distressed, right?
I'd be seriously distressed that my face had been realistically knitted to someone else's body doing something porny or distasteful or whatever. I'd be horrified.
I think about the pictures I put up on social media, on my sort of personal social media accounts. You want to be able to share these cute moments with your children, right?
You want to be able to show them to the world. But at the same time, there's this fear.
I have this awful, awful fear that someone will take them and they will be used in the wrong way. It's a horrible, horrible thought.
Basically, if there is a pic of you, you know, your headshot attached to David Hasselhoff's nude body doing sexy times with whoever, you'd love it.
And for real? Yeah, yeah, yeah, yeah.
That would be the amount of shame and guilt that I would imagine women feel.
I think it was fairly crude, but it was people who were upset with me for a ridiculous reason on Facebook and were posting up pictures of me and claiming that I was all kinds of unpleasant things and also contacting the HR department of the company we used to work for.
Saying, do you realize you employ this guy?
And at the time I was out on holiday in the Far East and they were saying, 'We're going to burn down your house and we're going to shoot your partner' and all sorts of other things as well.
The feelings you're describing, I think, are universal across women who've gone through this kind of situation.
I mean, it's hard for me to put myself in that position, but I would imagine that a woman would feel very uncomfortable because she might fear it's sending out a message that she's the kind of woman who's up for that and isn't afraid to be videoed or photographed doing it as well.
There's so much that comes down to fake news now, and the way it's sort of manipulated in the media is really scary.
Interesting you said that, Graham, right? A guy called Alex Wolfe, who uploaded her pictures to pornographic websites without her consent.
And Jodi says, quote, "I saw a photo of me where I'm looking at someone and laughing, and there's King's College Cambridge behind me. And I know exactly who I'm looking at.
And my heart drops, because I just know who's on the other side of that photo. I know that is the only person who had that image. Everything just made sense.
I knew instantly what he had been doing to me. I knew that I didn't want to hear his excuses or lies.
So I went to the only place that I thought could help me, which was the police." So when Jodi initially went to the police, accompanied by her flatmate, who also was a victim of Wolfe's abuse, she spent 3 hours detailing her long history of image-based abuse.
The police officer apparently didn't take any notes.
She was later called by a liaison officer who said that there was insufficient evidence to proceed with her case, and they didn't feel as though a crime had been committed.
Luckily, Jodi didn't let go. After reporting the abuse to another branch of the police, she spent 6 months pursuing the case. Often at her own financial and emotional expense.
She had to present all the screenshots and all her own evidence, all 60 pages worth, and she finally got her guy.
Wolfe eventually admitted to stealing clothed images of 15 women, including Jodi, from social media and uploading them to porn sites without their permission, and was convicted on 15 charges of sending, by means of public electronic communications, grossly offensive messages of an indecent, obscene, or menacing nature.
And remember, this is in the UK, right?
And the upshot here, when we get back to that private boys' school that were creating deepfakes of the girls at the nearby all-girls' school, you know, one of the parents said to The Times, "This has been really hard for our daughter to find out that these videos have been created of her and had been circulated was a horrible shock.
And for her to see 7 weeks later that no one has been disciplined, and that she has no form of apology is even harder," which I get.
And there's a lack of sufficient legal recourse, right? So that makes the whole situation worse as the technology gets more easy for anyone to get their hands on.
In the interim, do you think tech companies need to do more to stop the distribution of such images?
The thing is, sometimes you will find people in authority asking the tech companies to maybe break encrypted messaging systems in order to intercept this kind of thing.
So it's not an easy problem to necessarily fix.
It's just, we are woefully inadequate when it comes to punishing those for digital crimes. There was the new law to tackle revenge porn, I believe, wasn't there?
One development that we can be grateful for.
But there's still huge gaps.
And perhaps as a baby step, you know, this was good to read a few days ago, that YouTube now accepts complaints about AI-generated deepfakes that could impersonate.
The content must use AI-generated and feature identifiable visuals or voice samples. Now, I don't understand really why the AI generation component matters here.
Like if someone did a collage of my head and some body and took a picture of it and distributed it, why is that any less upsetting?
But so in the interim, I'm not even sure what to advise women and girls out there, make sure there are no headshots of you anywhere. 'Cause you never know, it's bullshit.
And action needs to be taken now.
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And welcome back, and you join us, our favorite part of the show, the part of the show that we like to call Pick of the Week.
Could be a funny story, a book that they've read, a TV show, a movie, a record, a podcast, a website, or an app. Whatever they like.
It doesn't have to be security-related necessarily. Better not be. Well, my Pick of the Week this week is not security-related. You'll be very pleased to hear.
This last Saturday, Saturday the 23rd of June, it was supposed to be the date when Parisian mayor Anne Hidalgo was going to swim in the River Seine to prove that the water was clean in readiness for the Olympics.
I was actually going to bring this up.
Let me thank Friso Moselmans, who has been in touch about this Pick of the Week, because he thinks this is fantastic.
So the Parisian mayor was going to swim in the Seine to prove the water was clean, because they've spent €1.4 billion trying to make the water safe enough for the triathlon and the open water swimming events scheduled to take place in the river.
And President Macron himself, he said he was going to be dipping his little toe in there. I will have a little swim as well.
Well, you'll never catch me doing a funny accent of the French, so I'm surprised you did that.
It's their turn to plunge into our shit.
And what he's done is he's, this guy set up this website and French people are being told that they have to shit in the River Seine so that the water is of bad enough quality that they might actually do something to clean it up properly.
And I understand, let's clean our waters, but to shit in it in order to make sure it gets cleaner makes me sick.
What I liked about this website is they had a distance calculator, so you could calculate, depending on how far away you lived, on what day you would have to dump your package in order for it to arrive in Paris on the 23rd of June.
Which I thought— So this is why Friso got in touch with me and said, it sounds like a perfect Pick of the Week.
Now, unfortunately, Emmanuel Macron has ruined everyone's fun by calling an election. Another one.
Which means that the mayor of Paris has said, "Well, I can't swim in it now 'cause I'm campaigning." So she's put it off. Well, he called an emergency election.
No, they're probably all mutants.
I was in Trieste recently on a little excursion, and I was— it was a very hot day, and my friend and I went down to the port, and she was like, "Oh my God, I think I'm gonna go in.
I'm gonna go in." Right? And she starts taking off her clothes. And I go, "Don't." 'Cause there's floating, bloated rats everywhere.
Like, it was suddenly, as soon as you saw one, you saw them everywhere along the boat. So, our poor waters!
And I really love the fact that pop culture can just transcend any geographical boundary. And genuinely, there are very few jobs I have more respect for than the meme creators.
I mean, obviously surgeons, GPs, teachers, but how clever and how quick-witted are meme writers.
So I thought my pick of the week could be looking back at my 3 favorite viral memes of all time.
So I'm going to do it in reverse order, just like the Top 40 back in the day, you know, trying to record them on a tape off the radio. Yeah, cutting out the answer between.
So in third place is I'm Not a Cat, the lawyer turning up to his virtual court in Texas during COVID times with a kitten filter on his Zoom, completely baffling him.
Absolutely love that. Do you remember?
Flickering going from side to side, "I'm not a cat." Then at number 2 is— I'm sure you will both remember this one— Guy Goma, the poor unsuspecting man that turned up for a job interview at the BBC for, I think it was a technical computer role actually, but he was mistaken by the people at the BBC as being Guy Kewney.
He was being interviewed live on TV about the Apple legal dispute.
And so this poor guy, literally Guy, was thrust into the hot seat under all the cameras and broadcast on live TV, asked about the legal implications of the Apple dispute, when really all he was doing was trying to turn up for a job interview.
And his little face, it was amazing. It makes me howl every time I see it. Do you remember that?
But in fact, he will be most remembered maybe for not having been present at that interview when someone else was there they thought was Guy Kewney.
And then at number 1, my absolute favourite viral meme of all time was the Senator Bernie Sanders at the presidential inauguration in Jan 2021. Do you remember it?
Really nothing particularly striking about it, although definitely endearing. But for some reason, one photographer took a picture of him, and the internet took it and ran with it.
And they dropped him in— his picture into almost every famous movie scene. Forrest Gump bench, The Lion King holding up the baby off the The Friends sofa.
He replaced Neil Armstrong on the moon in one picture.
And I don't know what it was about it, but I loved it so much that my best friend commissioned someone to knit me a knitted Bernie in mittens with his legs crossed for my birthday that year.
And I still have it, and it makes me smile. Brilliant. People that visit just think I, you know, I—
And it's also for fidgeters, you know, those people that are always clicking pens and, you know, doing stuff like that. You know, maybe because you're a bit anxious.
Now look, my hands, as you guys know, are super important to me because, you know, in my other life I try to do art and I paint and sketch and I need my hands to do that.
And the trick is try and keep them strong and mobile.
So there's a lot of gizmos out there to help strengthen hands, like spring-loaded thingies and fidget toys and all kinds of stuff.
But they're all kind of irritating to me so far, you know, too big, too noisy. Too, I don't know, just I'd lose them. I just, I'd not bonded with any of them. But I found one.
My neighbor introduced me to this physical therapy tool called a rubber egg. Okay. And these eggs come in different resistances.
So they're really egg-sized, egg-shaped, and you just can squeeze them and hold onto them and play with them when you're doing anything.
Right now I'm doing that with my hand and you can't hear anything. Because it's silent, which is fantastic.
So when you're recording a podcast and you need to fidget, because I'm a fidgeter, you can do it without being annoying. And plus my hands are getting way stronger.
So that's a crazy pick of the week, but it's a really good one. So if you know anyone with arthritis or hands that are getting stiff or have an injury.
What are they called again, Carole? These are hand exercise egg-shaped physical therapy tools. There's loads of different brands out there, right?
So I've put a link in the show notes to the ones that I like, the ones I've tried.
But literally it's just a piece of rubber in an egg and it has a good little texture and it just— I don't know, I love them. So that's my pick of the week.
What's the best way for folks to do that?
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And I'm sort of hunched underneath it. It's actually very cozy despite being very uncomfortable.
Hosts:
Graham Cluley:
Carole Theriault:
Guest:
Eleanor Dallaway – @EleanorDallaway
Episode links:
- Julian Assange lands in Australia a free man – BBC News.
- Smashing Security episode 245: The Julian Assange assassination plot, and IoT toilets.
- Kidnapping, assassination and a London shoot-out: Inside the CIA’s secret war plans against WikiLeaks – Yahoo News.
- Surprise! WikiLeaks won’t just hand over details of zero-day vulnerabilities to tech firms – Graham Cluley.
- Tubthumping (Q3 2021 Issue) – Infosecurity Magazine.
- Infosecurity Magazine suffering ‘significant’ DDoS attack – Cybernews.
- Infosecurity Magazine is Back Online! – Infosecurity Magazine.
- YouTube now lets you report AI deepfakes of yourself – MSN.
- Two private schools face police probe over claims pupils used AI to ‘create deepfake porn images of up to a dozen girls’ – Daily Mail.
- We’re calling on the next government to protect women and girls from
- image-based abuse – Glamour Magazine.
- Deepfakes as a Security Issue: Why Gender Matters – WiisGlobal.
- AI poses disproportionate risks to women – Brookings.
- ‘Violating and dehumanising’: How AI deepfakes are being used to target women – Euronews.
- Snapshot Paper – Deepfakes and Audiovisual Disinformation – GOV.UK.
- Government cracks down on ‘deepfakes’ creation – GOV.UK.
- Je chie dans la seine.
- Paris Olympics Poop Protest Postponed After French Officials Refuse To Swim In Sewage Water – Brobible.
- ‘I’m not a cat’: lawyer gets stuck on Zoom kitten filter during court case – YouTube.
- Guy Goma: ‘Greatest’ case of mistaken identity on live TV ever? – BBC News on YouTube.
- ‘It’s just Bernie being Bernie’ — How a photo of Sanders wearing mittens at Inauguration Day went viral – CNBC News.
- HiKeep Hand Exercise Balls – Amazon.
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You may be interested: At its moment of peril, democracy needs journalists to be activists
https://mastodon.social/@dangillmor/112717274725173923
The point about deepfakes causing trouble in the playground really stuck with me. It’s scary to see how easily AI is being used to target kids these days. It really highlights why we need more education on digital literacy at a younger age, not just for adults in the workforce.