Google declares war on Android fleeceware scamming users through sneaky subscriptions

Graham Cluley
Graham Cluley
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 @grahamcluley.com
 / grahamcluley

Google declares war on Android fleeceware scamming users through sneaky subscriptions

The Google Play Store has announced new policies that aim to kick out “free trial” Android apps that use underhand techniques to trick unsuspecting users into signing-up for expensive subscriptions.

As we described in the latest “Smashing Security” podcast with special guest Garry Kasparov, smartphone app stores have been infested with apps that charge users excessive amounts of money if they do not cancel their “subscription” before the end of a short “free trial.”

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Smashing Security #174

Animal Crossing with Garry Kasparov

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CAROLE THERIAULT
Garry, do you do any online gaming?
GARRY KASPAROV
It's called chess.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Never heard of it.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yes, of course it is. Oh yeah, I forgot.
Unknown
Smashing Security, Episode 174: Garry Kasparov and Animal Crossing with Carole Theriault and Graham Cluley. Hello, hello, and welcome to Smashing Security, Episode 174.

My name's Graham Cluley.
CAROLE THERIAULT
And I'm Carole Theriault.
GRAHAM CLULEY
And Carole, we're joined by a very special guest today, someone who's a bit of a personal hero of mine.

It is probably the world's greatest ever chess player, chess champion turned activist, security ambassador for Avast. It is, of course, can only be Garry Kasparov.
GARRY KASPAROV
Hello, Garry. Hello.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Graham is going to be in such a good mood that you're here today, Garry.
GARRY KASPAROV
I'm not here. I'm in New York.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yes.
CAROLE THERIAULT
And presumably in your house, locked in.
GARRY KASPAROV
Yes. Hello from Battery Park, New York.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Well, I hope you've been staying safe and sound over there, Garry.
GARRY KASPAROV
Yes, absolutely. As much as you can be safe now, hiding in your apartment.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yes.
GARRY KASPAROV
We're lucky we have a top floor, so open roof, so we can have a little bit of fresh air every day.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Oh, that's good.
GARRY KASPAROV
Without walking around.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Crazy times.
GARRY KASPAROV
It is crazy times. It's like a movie. It's like a Hollywood disaster movie.

You look outside and it's not empty, pretty empty, but still, for New York, you can just count cars crossing the street with the fingers on one hand.
GRAHAM CLULEY
I mean, you're right, if you were filming a doomsday movie, this would be the perfect time to do it because the streets are deserted.
CAROLE THERIAULT
No, you're not allowed outside, you don't go filming.
GARRY KASPAROV
You can film from the top of your building.
GRAHAM CLULEY
I think Garry could drive a drone from his rooftop up and down the streets.
GARRY KASPAROV
Yeah.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Taking some amazing footage like that. I think that's not beyond him. Do something like that. Okay, Carole, what's coming up on today's show?
CAROLE THERIAULT
First, thanks to this week's sponsor, Boxcryptor. Its support helps us give you this show for free. Now, on today's show, Graham finds out for a price which celeb he looks like most.

Garry delves into the intricacies of our new COVID world. And I head to new horizons to see how a popular online game is being used for political ends.

All this and much more coming up on this episode of Smashing Security. Smashing Security.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Now, chums, I have a very important question for you, which is this: do you have a celebrity lookalike?
CAROLE THERIAULT
Okay, I don't think I look like this person. But do you remember Wonder Woman from the '80s?
GRAHAM CLULEY
What, Lynda Carter?
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yeah.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Well, you think—
CAROLE THERIAULT
I have been compared to Lynda Carter in the face, looking like her.

I know, but I was actually not very happy with it because apparently Lynda Carter tattooed her makeup on her face in the '80s.
GRAHAM CLULEY
I have heard that about her.
CAROLE THERIAULT
It might have been from me in a previous show. Who knows?
GRAHAM CLULEY
Maybe that's not the thing. Maybe it's your satin tights and your lasso of truth and your invisible plane. Garry, have you ever been compared to anyone? Any celebrities?
GARRY KASPAROV
No.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Because it might be handy for you, because I mean, I think there's probably one or two people who might prefer you extinct.

If you had a lookalike sort of escorting you around on your public events, then it could be quite handy, couldn't it, to have someone like that who's a—
GARRY KASPAROV
I think it was the other way around. So some people were compared to me. I used to be a celebrity. Exactly.
CAROLE THERIAULT
I don't think you know who you're talking to, Graham.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Well, I've been curious about this. And so I took the opportunity to upload your photographs into an app which claims—
GARRY KASPAROV
Tell me, tell me.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Well, Garry.
GARRY KASPAROV
I'm getting impatient.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Garry, here's the good news, right? You have a 77% likeness to Brad Pitt.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Oh!
GRAHAM CLULEY
Can you believe that?
GARRY KASPAROV
77%!
GRAHAM CLULEY
And it only said you had a 70% likeness to Garry Kasparov. So—
GARRY KASPAROV
So, Garry Kasparov lost to Brad Pitt.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Now, Carole, I uploaded your photograph as well. Well, actually, I was surprised by this. 69% likeness to Courteney Cox from Friends. Apparently.

I don't see it myself, but there you go. Now, of course, it wouldn't be fair to do this game without also uploading my own photograph. I have a 30% similarity to Larry the Cable Guy.

I think he was— I think he did a voice in the Cars movies of Mater the breakdown truck. But I'm also 93%—
CAROLE THERIAULT
Okay, so your twin?
GRAHAM CLULEY
Henry Kissinger. Which—
CAROLE THERIAULT
Whoa!
GARRY KASPAROV
But Graham, wait a second. I think it's all about the age.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Oh, thank you.
GARRY KASPAROV
So it's this— yeah, no, no, no, it's— look, tell me.
CAROLE THERIAULT
He's still alive?
GARRY KASPAROV
Depends.
GRAHAM CLULEY
You're older than me, Garry. You've got Brad Pitt.
GARRY KASPAROV
No, no, no, it's the— Kissinger's still alive. No, I'm talking about the age of the— age of the person on the picture. So you use my picture of what, 1985, 1995, 2005, 2015?
GRAHAM CLULEY
No, no, I used a fairly recent one of you.
GARRY KASPAROV
A recent one? Okay, then I feel much better.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Graham, we could have an alternative way of making money now that you look like Brad Pitt. I mean, we could YouTube your house.
GARRY KASPAROV
70% is not enough, no, I'm afraid. You cannot play substitution.
GRAHAM CLULEY
So these kind of apps exist and all kinds of things, not only celebrity lookalikes, you can get your selfie tweaked if you're not quite happy with it.

You can even have your palm read, astrology and horoscope apps, face aging apps, et cetera, QR codes.
GARRY KASPAROV
By the way, you understand now that's the next frontier of hacking is using AI to play a segment allegedly done by Kasparov or by whoever. So, and it looks almost real.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yeah, deepfakes, absolutely.
GARRY KASPAROV
Even images, not just voice, but even images. And that's, yeah, as I said, it's a new frontier.

And I know that there's a lot of research being done now to fight back, but it will not be easy because the damage done by the image of, God knows, the president, the prime minister appearing and saying something could be immeasurable.
GRAHAM CLULEY
And in the old days, you were able to say, well, if this is a video of the president doing something outrageous or saying something ridiculous, then it can't be true.

Today, however, it's not so easy to make that kind of judgment.
GARRY KASPAROV
Yeah, the problem is, yes, in some places, like in the country where I live now, yeah, it is the— probably more damage is done by the real president than by the hoax one.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Anyway, so these apps exist, and there have been concerns about these kind of apps in the past that they might be gathering too much information, maybe collecting facial databases, and who knows what they're going to do.

And of course, people just simply want to know what they're going to look like when they're 68. Like you do. You did.
CAROLE THERIAULT
You uploaded all our pictures.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Well, these were all photos which were already publicly on the internet, so I figured they'd already scooped them up, probably.

Bit disappointing they only made a 70% match with Garry Kasparov, to be honest, for his own photograph. But never mind. Anyway, these apps are often labelled as free.

And the funny thing is that when you actually run the apps, what you find is just about every feature inside the apps is one that has to be paid for.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Oh, it's like in-app features are all the features.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Exactly. So if you actually want to experience the app, you need to make an in-app purchase or sign up for a subscription.

Now, I managed to find an app which didn't require me to do any payment, or at least I was able to do at least one run-through with your different images.

But there were other apps where it really tried to ensnare me and where they tried to ask for all kinds of personal information, like my name, my gender, my birthday, you know, scan your palm print for palm reading.

And then when you click the analyze button, then you are prompted to start a free trial.
CAROLE THERIAULT
That is outrageous. So basically, you're putting in all your information. See, I'm— maybe it's because I work in this industry, so I hate apps that do that, right?

If I have an app and if it asks for any personal information, I kind of back away really quickly unless I have already researched that app to within an inch of its life.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Me too. It makes me— and this sort of bait and switch of going so far and it's like, oh, I've uploaded the picture now.

'Now I want to see.' So I was doing one of these and it was scrolling images past me of George Clooney and Ronaldo and other hunks as though it were searching the database.

But it said, 'To reveal your match, you now need to sign up for the £7.99 weekly diamond membership subscription.' So what, you thought you actually were gonna look like Ronaldo?
CAROLE THERIAULT
That's what you were hoping for?
GRAHAM CLULEY
Well, that's— I don't think Ronaldo's a very good comparison, is it?
GARRY KASPAROV
And just for £8.
GRAHAM CLULEY
If only, eh? Subscriptions. These can obviously be costly. Some of these free apps, or so-called free apps, charge up to $30 a month or $9 a week for—
CAROLE THERIAULT
Who is paying for that shit?
GRAHAM CLULEY
Well, incredibly, quite a lot of people, it seems.

Some of the top-grossing apps in the Apple App Store, according to researchers at Sophos, are doing exactly these kind of things and are making millions.

There is an app called Zodiac Master Plus, for instance, the 11th highest-grossing app.

And you have to jump through all kind of hoops, including buying a subscription to get anything. And although they will be promoted as free and they're promoted hard, by the way.

So there's advertising in TikTok, on YouTube, on Instagram.

And there are many complaints from people where they said, I saw the advert, I downloaded what was portrayed as a free app, and then they wanted all this information or they wanted me to subscribe and there was nothing which I could do, and some people— Yeah, you just delete it.

Well—
CAROLE THERIAULT
Nothing they could do.
GRAHAM CLULEY
You could do that. But in some cases, what people are saying is that even deleting the app did not actually remove their subscription.
GARRY KASPAROV
Really?
GRAHAM CLULEY
People imagine that deleting the app gets rid of the subscription, and it ain't necessarily so. You have to go into the Apple settings.

You have to go into your Android settings in the Google Play Store to actually properly unsubscribe from these things.
GARRY KASPAROV
Yeah, but that's a classical trick when you just go to, let's say, to Amazon Prime Video and they offer you to watch movies and you can do a trial period and there are many, many options there from HBO to Smarts and many others.

And it's a trial period, a week, but then to unsubscribe, it's so difficult that you just stay there. You don't want to push all the buttons.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yeah, it's too complicated.
GARRY KASPAROV
Exactly, unsubscribing is very complicated.
GRAHAM CLULEY
And I think many people may not spot the small print. When I was installing some of these apps, it was in small, light grey writing on a white background.
CAROLE THERIAULT
You have trouble with contrast, don't you?
GRAHAM CLULEY
I do have contrast issues. My eyesight is not perfect. And it actually said you had to cancel at least 24 hours before the payment was made.

So you may have a 3-day trial, and so you actually have less time than you imagine before you start ending up paying.

And people are leaving zero-star reviews, but these things are continuing to be really, really successful.

Over 100 million devices have installed what Sophos is calling fleeceware apps.
CAROLE THERIAULT
So how come companies Apple, for example, with its little vetted policy, is not spotting these, do you think?
GRAHAM CLULEY
They're clearly not policing it well enough, are they? Now, some people are a bit suspicious because Apple makes 30% of the revenue which is generated in the first year.

I think after a first year, it goes down to 15%, but it's still a serious wad of cash.
GARRY KASPAROV
But Carole, but it's not illegal. I mean, they can say, look, you have enough time just to unsubscribe technically. And if it's difficult, that's not our fault.

So just don't fall into this trap in the first place by subscribing or by doing the trial period.

But it's very hard for people, especially these days when we're all stuck at home in front of our computers. I mean, not to be tempted to do something which is called free trial.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yeah.
GRAHAM CLULEY
And when I was using one of these apps earlier today to compare your photographs and things—
CAROLE THERIAULT
Fuck you for that.
GRAHAM CLULEY
It pops up this subscription dialog, $7.99 a week or whatever it was. And all it needed was my thumbprint to carry on. I could have accidentally—
GARRY KASPAROV
That's a data collection. Yeah, that's another story.
CAROLE THERIAULT
But not even that. But it makes the payment so easy.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Right?
CAROLE THERIAULT
Because it doesn't even feel money. So I'm imagining this kind of app is probably popular, probably now all time of days. But, you know, people have had a few drinks, right?

Or they're with their friends and they're, oh, let's play a game. Let's see what celebrity you look. You don't realize that you're on an ongoing subscription fee.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Well, they might not be with their friends at the moment, but they certainly could be drinking.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Sorry. They might be connecting online using Zoom and all its privacy issues.
GRAHAM CLULEY
That certainly is also a possibility. So our advice for people is always read the small print, especially if it's in a little gray font that's hard to see.

Any app which asks you for lots of information before it gives you the goods or asks you to pay, think really hard about whether you really want to give that information and acquaint yourself with how to unsubscribe from apps, either on your phone or on your Google account.

What we'll do is we will link in the show notes to a description of how you can do that, because I think a lot of people aren't aware of just how— and to first of all, check what subscriptions you may have and make sure that you cancel them.

And it's always better, I think, to try out apps before you sign up.

So don't hand over any of your payment card information until you're absolutely sure that this is an app which is bringing some value.

And a lot of these apps actually are things which can be done for free.
GARRY KASPAROV
But just to add a few words about computer literacy. About 6 months ago, I think in October, I had an event in London. I was a guest and spoke at a computer fair with Avast CEO.

And it was all about cybersecurity, about privacy.

And just out of my curiosity, I asked the audience, about 250 people, and it's not just ordinary people from the street, so that's the audience that attended the tech exhibition, how many people can find in their Google menu the button to forget?
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yeah.
GARRY KASPAROV
How many hands? About 250 people in the room. 3 hands.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yeah.
GARRY KASPAROV
Just tells you everything about the attention people are paying to these details and the level of complacency. It's just phenomenal.
GRAHAM CLULEY
I guess most people are just thinking, well, I'll just Google it. You know, I don't have to remember anything anymore. I'll find it that way.
GARRY KASPAROV
Maybe.
GRAHAM CLULEY
So Garry, what do you want to talk to us about this week?
GARRY KASPAROV
There are many stories, but I picked up one. It's, I found it on Voice of America. It's a global move to telecommute work increases security risks.

People used to work online from their offices.

And it's a very different level of security because companies have spent decades building up enterprise security, administrators, tech support, consultants, layers of security, red teams, blue teams, you name it.

Encrypted phones, secure computers, and suddenly nobody's in the office. Yeah, I would call it the instant Hillary effect, as everyone has a home server.

Yeah, and it is as if you build a huge castle with thick stone walls and a moat to protect your people from the barbarian hordes, but suddenly you have to move everyone out of the castle into the fields.

The barbarians were at the gates before, but now there are not any gates.

And you don't have to be a rocket scientist to understand that very few people have a secure laptop to take home from the office or encrypted phone.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yeah.
GARRY KASPAROV
So even companies and agencies with the ability, they are overextended now and scrambling and leaving this a lot of holes.

So, and every link in home security is going to be weaker than in the office.
CAROLE THERIAULT
How many people do you think, Garry, are actually having to use their own devices, their own computers to access the network?
GARRY KASPAROV
I think now it's almost everybody.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yeah.
GARRY KASPAROV
You know, the problem is it's not just technology, but it's about habits.

So because people are used to a certain level of security, that's why they pay very little or no attention to the potential threats.

And the bad state actors are eyeing government employees and corporate espionage.

It's absolutely perfect because people are getting a lot of new information being sent, new links, new protocols every day. So that's easy. And good security isn't just tech.

It's, as I said, it's a lot of good habits and protocols. And those are all disrupted now. So even school kids are being switched around from one platform to another.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yeah.

I mean, that all happened with the whole Zoom fiasco over the last few weeks with everyone kind of spiking towards using it and they not keeping up with security even though the checks weren't there, but everyone was in a panic.

So no one was really looking at the fine print.
GARRY KASPAROV
This is what we know, that cyber vulnerabilities are compounded by the general sense of newness and uncertainty.

And there's so much uncertainty now, and it's all new, and people don't know how to navigate in this new environment.

In that environment, it's even harder than usual to be cautious, to detect a phishing attempt.
GRAHAM CLULEY
And I guess if you were someone who regularly worked outside of the office, if you were on the road or if you were working from home, you maybe have been given a computer laptop by your business.

It may be that you're a little bit more used to that, but now we have this larger community of people who never had any reason for working from home and they've had to relocate and they are experiencing this.

Chances are they haven't been given a laptop at the beginning of being isolated at home.

And so they're just making do with whatever they have, which might be running really old versions of the operating system, may already be infected with things.

Today, on the day we're recording this, it's the first Patch Tuesday since we all started staying at home. So Microsoft is pushing out operating system patches.

And I wonder how many people will be applying those at home and how people will be coping with that, because that's something which used to be done in your workplace by the IT department, and maybe they don't have oversight on your computer any longer.
GARRY KASPAROV
Yeah, the story I mentioned talks about threats to journalists.

Yeah, it's because countries like Russia, Iran, Turkey, China all have a long record of targeting journalists this way. But now it's a perfect moment.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yeah, that is a really good point, Garry.
GARRY KASPAROV
But also there was another story earlier that I think two or three weeks ago, story broke about a very sophisticated replica of the World Health Organization website.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Right.
GARRY KASPAROV
And they use this web portal, okay, a hoax, a fake web portal for phishing.

So what the scammers were trying to get credentials to break into the official system and imagine the havoc they could cause and the potential value of knowing about treatments or anything else.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yeah, and that's not regular cybercriminals, is it, who would be interested, I would imagine, in doing that?

You expect some foul play from a sort of state-sponsored attack attacking someone like you?
GARRY KASPAROV
Yeah, of course, state-sponsored attacks, they're deadliest.

But even smart hackers, they understand that there's so many new opportunities now because the crowd is in the open field.

And again, people used to be protected by the thick and tall walls. And now they're on their own and they don't even see the threat coming.

I spoke to people in Avast and they recorded several attacks on hospitals in Czech Republic and Slovakia.

Again, same story is collecting data and it's very difficult for people to understand that the threat is coming.

So because they're looking for help anywhere now, people are desperate and that's an ideal moment to send a message saying, oh, here you can get help you need, please give me your data.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yeah.
CAROLE THERIAULT
And it's almost like the first time in the entire history of the world where everyone is paying attention to the same thing at the same time. So we're all interested in this.

So there's a really wide net to ensnare people into phishing ploys and other nasties online.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yeah, there are certainly lots of coronavirus scams and phishing attacks and extortion attempts which are going on at the moment.

So it's something people really need to be careful about. And obviously we're all obsessed by the news at the moment. Well, I am.

I don't know, some people just want to put their head in the sand, don't they? Oh, well, I can understand that. Maybe for your own mental health.
CAROLE THERIAULT
I'm not at my Pick of the Week yet. I'm not jumping my story, but just, you know, I've done one for the COVID addicts and the ones who need to get away. I've done two.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Okay. Alright. Thank you so much, Garry. Carole, what have you got for us this week?
CAROLE THERIAULT
Well, first, Garry, do you do any online gaming?
GARRY KASPAROV
It's called chess.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Never heard of it. Yes, of course it is.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Oh yeah, I forgot. Of course. Of course you understand gaming. But I wanted a story that involved gaming. And politics and censorship.

So the Nintendo Switch, this is a hot ticket item in our PC world. I don't know if they have any chess games on the Nintendo Switch.
GRAHAM CLULEY
They certainly do. Do they?
CAROLE THERIAULT
Listen to me.
GARRY KASPAROV
I don't know. Probably chess is everywhere. And I guess Nintendo should have all sorts of versions of chess, like Japanese chess, shogi, and maybe Thai chess.

So there are many versions played in the world.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yeah, I'm only a beginner in this world of chess. But you won't be able to get a Switch anytime soon, Garry, because they've run out of consoles.

And they're actually posting online saying this is when they'll be available.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Ah.
CAROLE THERIAULT
I really wanted to talk about one of the last entrants to the Nintendo Switch franchise of games. And that is the Animal Crossing game New Horizons.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Aha.
CAROLE THERIAULT
This came out less than a month ago, and already it's taken the gaming world by storm. Loads of people are playing it, even Graham, I think you're playing it at the moment.
GRAHAM CLULEY
I am. My son got, my wife actually is the real Animal Crossing fan, but she has now infected my son and—
CAROLE THERIAULT
That's not words we use right now, Cluley.
GRAHAM CLULEY
No, probably not. Okay. But she influenced him. But he insisted that I also create a character for his island.

So I am having to log in every day and I don't know, pick flowers or something. It's absolutely, it's run by this Thom Nook, David Koresh-like figure.
CAROLE THERIAULT
It's like a cult.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Okay. But, but, but, but, but, okay. This is unlike most games. Okay.

Because most games, as far as I'm concerned, you're killing people, you're racing cars, you're engaged in combat of some sort.
GARRY KASPAROV
Yeah.
CAROLE THERIAULT
And this is more of a, you're kind of on an alternate reality platform and you're managing your island resources, your residents, your products.

And you're basically trying to grow this virtual island economy.
GRAHAM CLULEY
It's like a paradise in a way, isn't it? Apart from the fact that you're camping. Other than that, it is rather nirvana-like, yes.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Now, so basically you can sell fish and you can, you know, fish. How do you say that? Go fishing.

You can go fishing and then you can sell your fish at the market and you can collect bugs for a museum and all this kind of stuff.

Most people find this very charming, but not everyone does. PETA Kids put out a guide for vegans with an FAQ that said, is fishing in Animal Crossing vegan?

And their FAQ answer is, this is a biggie. You shouldn't fish in real life, so you shouldn't do it in the game either.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Oh, well, that's going to limit you in the game somewhat, isn't it? I mean, right? Well, the fish don't—
CAROLE THERIAULT
They're not real fish.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Okay, they're not real fish, but the fish don't die in the game, do they? They're just sort of—
CAROLE THERIAULT
Graham, do you play shoot 'em up games? Does that mean you do it in real life?
GRAHAM CLULEY
No, I suppose not. No, I don't.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Garry plays chess. He kills the queen, right? Doesn't do that in real life. He's not after Liz.
GARRY KASPAROV
Look, I think a lot of people now, they're just losing their sense of identifying what's real and what's not.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yes.
GARRY KASPAROV
That's why I think, you know, especially these days when you spend so many hours in front of the screen, so I think we're tempted to take everything that's happening on the screen for real.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Watch how real this gets, Garry. It's crazy.
GRAHAM CLULEY
So they don't like people fishing. So PETA are against Animal Crossing for that reason.
CAROLE THERIAULT
The Reddit community thought it was a link to an Onion article. I think that says it all.
GRAHAM CLULEY
They didn't complain about the fact that many of the animal characters in the game are there living in houses, wearing clothes from brands. Yeah, getting a pretty nice life. Right.

Well, you shouldn't really dress up animals either, should you? I mean, I think—
GARRY KASPAROV
Why, what about George Orwell's Animal Farm?
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yeah. Oh yes, Animal Farm, yes. Yes.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Exactly. Interesting connection there. I'm gonna have to think about that one.
GARRY KASPAROV
Yeah, I'm a Russian, so it's the most natural connection I can make.
CAROLE THERIAULT
So the thing is, is this game is not just an offline game, although you can totally play offline and have a great old time. You also can get an online Nintendo subscription.

And with this new version of Animal Crossing, you can download this NookLink app on your iPhone or Android phone. All right.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yeah. Okay. Yeah, yeah.
CAROLE THERIAULT
So the combination of these two services with the game, once registered, lets you do all kinds of creative, unique stuff, right?

So I could cover my island with pictures of Garry Kasparov, right, on my island, and people come visit and I call it Garry Kasparov Island. I could do that.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Or Brad Pitt, perhaps.
GARRY KASPAROV
Or Brad Pitt.
CAROLE THERIAULT
No one would know the difference.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Close match, close match.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yes, it's like 77%.
GRAHAM CLULEY
And then you could come to Henry Kissinger Island, come and visit me.
CAROLE THERIAULT
No. But this app on the phone also lets you communicate with players while you're playing. So you have voice chat, text message, all that stuff going on.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Right.
CAROLE THERIAULT
So now that we have this, if you imagine right now we're all in this lockdown, people can't attend weddings, birthdays, graduations, etc.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yeah, yeah.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Office openings. Things, they're doing it all on Animal Crossing. So there's this digital world. And because you can do this kind of, can I say this word, unicifying?
GRAHAM CLULEY
The answer is no, you can't say that word.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Making your island very unique, or just unique, I suppose is correct.

You know, you can show off, you can say, "Yeah, yeah, I got that pattern," or "Yeah, I got this really cool" or "I got this Smashing Security t-shirt." So why is this interesting?

Let's go to China, because this is not just being used for friends and family to connect, but people realise that maybe they can get a political message out using Animal Crossing.

Now I should say first that Animal Crossing isn't officially available in China and hasn't been officially available in China, but this has not stopped tons of Chinese gamers playing the game by getting it in what they call the grey market.

And this involves platforms like Pinduoduo and the eBay equivalent, Taobao, that's from Alibaba.

So these are just basically just places where you can buy not officially sanctioned, approved gaming apps.

And the reason they're all interested in this is Tencent Nintendo, we made a deal. So the Switch is now an approved console and available in China.

So everyone has these consoles, they want to play the latest games, and they're going to the grey market to get them if they're not officially available.
GRAHAM CLULEY
So why aren't these games available?
CAROLE THERIAULT
Because China likes to review all games, and it's not a tiny, tiny game.

It's got a lot of connectivity power, and it wants to check everything out and make sure it's right for its market.
GARRY KASPAROV
Did you say right for the market or right for people?
CAROLE THERIAULT
Correct.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yeah.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Or right for the government.
GARRY KASPAROV
Yeah, exactly. Absolutely. The top priority in non-democratic countries is not the interest of the market or just, you know, interest of the customers.

It's more about, you know, the images and the ideas that the customers can receive from playing these games.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Because of course, these regimes want to know what people are saying on social networks to each other. They want to keep close track on that.

And I imagine you can obviously have a conversation, you can have a date inside video games as well.
CAROLE THERIAULT
I guess they just can't parse the logs of the game yet to be able to see who's saying what.

However, last week, this is where it all comes to a head a little bit, because last week, a young Hong Kong democratic activist, Joshua Wong, took his protest to Animal Crossing.

And because you can upload images and then create clothing or household items and whatever else on the island, he decided to do that and create a banner that says, "Free Hong Kong, revolution now," and then posted a screenshot of this image on Twitter.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Right.
CAROLE THERIAULT
And Reuters reported that since he posted this Twitter post, you can't find Animal Crossing on the grey market anymore.

Well, you can on Alibaba's Taobao, but it's difficult because some vendors are trying to circumvent the crackdown by directing potential buyers towards a listing that sell the game without using the title in the description.

So it's basically, it's not there. You can't see it unless you go really digging.
GRAHAM CLULEY
So you won't see the game advertised as Animal Crossing, but you might be told "game on islands where you can catch fish if you want to, and collect bugs."
GARRY KASPAROV
Look, as someone who grew up in the Soviet Union, so I know how authorities in the totalitarian countries, how they're concerned about any metaphor. Because they don't know.

It's something that cannot be put in a box and they cannot classify it. So they'd rather have it removed and erased. That's a normal reaction of any censor.
CAROLE THERIAULT
I'm surprised though, they didn't kind of maybe ban Joshua Wong from the game if they didn't like what he was saying.

And he certainly, I mean, he put pictures of his island showing portraits of Chinese presidents.

President Xi Jinping and the World Health Organization head Tedros Adhanom at a funeral simulation with a sign saying Wuhan pneumonia.

He's trying to do some, you know, some shaky shaky to get attention.
GRAHAM CLULEY
It reminds me a little bit of when China's internet censors had a bit of a go targeting Winnie the Pooh and TikTok. Remember this?

Yeah, because there was a comparison made between President Xi and Winnie the Pooh, and I think Obama was Tigger.

Something as harmless as Winnie the Pooh upsets a country that great. Amazing.
CAROLE THERIAULT
But it's interesting to me that we have these political causes and then you have a game that's effectively, you know, viral quote unquote success.

You know, it's spread really quick. Everyone's playing Animal Crossing. You have the pandemic, which has everyone locked inside.

And then you have someone that has managed to use both those talking points to try and get attention from the media, including me covering it today.
GRAHAM CLULEY
So the Streisand effect is in Animal Crossing. There you go.
CAROLE THERIAULT
But so I want to say that this doesn't mean that anyone should avoid Animal Crossing. I hated it at first. I found it very stressful.

But I think if you need, you know, I've learned how to chill with the game. And I think it's really good for both young kids and adults alike. I can see its benefits.

And you can play offline. You don't have to go online.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Carole, send me your friend code. I'll come visit your island. I will.
CAROLE THERIAULT
I will. I will. We'll do that. Well, I was thinking actually, Graham, I think maybe we should do an Animal Crossing Smashing Security. No idea.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Well, invite everyone to our island.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Invite everyone to our island. Because you know what? When people come and visit your island, they give you a present. And then that present, you can go to the store.

Yeah, because they say, thank you for inviting us to your island.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Oh, that's nice. You could get loaded with bells. I look forward to that. That's fantastic.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Hey, Graham.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yes.
CAROLE THERIAULT
So I've got a problem.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yes.
CAROLE THERIAULT
I use a cloud service, I put all my files and data up there, and I'm kind of nervous about prying eyes looking at it. Any advice?
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yeah, you've got to encrypt it. So what I would recommend is use a piece of software like Boxcryptor.

It's what I run on my computer, and any file before it gets uploaded to those cloud services gets encrypted with my own keys, which I control.

So the cloud service itself can't see the contents of the files which I'm putting on the cloud drive. It's all encrypted.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Cool. I'll check it out.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Well, now's a great time to do it because they're offering a fantastic 40% discount to listeners of the Smashing Security podcast.

If you want a Boxcryptor personal license for private use or a Boxcryptor business account, perfect for the self-employed, go to smashingsecurity.com/boxcryptor.
CAROLE THERIAULT
I'm on the show.
GRAHAM CLULEY
And welcome back. And you join us on our favorite part of the show, the part of the show that we like to call Pick of the Week.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Pick of the Week.
GARRY KASPAROV
Pick of the Week.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Excellent. Pick of the Week is the part of the show where everyone chooses something they like.

Could be a funny story, a book that they've read, a TV show, a movie, a record, a podcast, a website, or an app. Whatever they wish. Doesn't have to be security related. Necessarily.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Should not be.
GRAHAM CLULEY
And my pick of the week this week is not security related.

I thought we all needed a bit of a cheer up, so I found an amusing story in the newspaper all about— I don't— do you guys like surprises?

I'm not a big fan of surprise parties and things like that.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Or what, people? Don't worry about that anymore, dude.
GRAHAM CLULEY
I'm not that keen on people either. But I read about this chap, this 64-year-old guy who was retiring from his job working for the French Air Force.

He wasn't actually a pilot himself, but he was working inside the Ministry of Defense over there.

And it was his retirement day, and his colleagues decided that they would organize a surprise for him.

And the surprise which they organized for him from an airbase in eastern France was to have a flight in a £65 million fighter jet.

With him in the back, and obviously a trained pilot in the front.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Okay.
GRAHAM CLULEY
And so they took him to this— they didn't give him any warning. They just took him to this place and said, "Oh, we've got a surprise for you. See this plane?

You're getting in it, mate." And they attached a camera to the top of his helmet. And they quickly sort of got him into the uniform.

They'd asked for permission from the Ministry of Defence. And they put him into the back of the plane. And I think he was a little bit apprehensive.

But you know how you feel when people organize something for you? Feel kind of like, I've got to go along with this. Bit like when Miko Hypponen had his ponytail cut off on stage.

You kind of feel you're going to ruin everything if you don't go along with it.

Similarly, when I played chess with Garry Kasparov at a simultaneous, I thought, I could beat Garry, but maybe this time I won't.

I'll just— it'll look bad, you know, so I'll let him win on this occasion, right?
CAROLE THERIAULT
Ignore him, Garry.
GARRY KASPAROV
I'm grateful.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yeah, he is ungrateful.
GRAHAM CLULEY
So this chap's name hasn't been released to spare his blushes, but he was gifted this flight, this incredible fighter jet.

And the fighter jet took off, and normally a plane ascends at about 10 or 15 degrees into the air.

This one was going off at about 45 degrees into the air, and within 10 or 20 seconds, this guy, because of the G-force and being thrown around because he hadn't been quite strapped in properly enough, he realized he needed to steady himself.

And so he grabbed hold of something and pulled, and it was the ejector seat.

And he was flung out of this plane into his parachute, was left dangling in mid-air on his last day at work.

Normally, when the ejector seat goes off in this particular plane, it also includes the pilot's seat as well. But it didn't happen on this occasion. I'm laughing here.

Apparently his helmet was ripped off, his anti-G trousers weren't fastened properly.
CAROLE THERIAULT
You're basically saying read this article.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Well, no, it's just to tell people don't organise surprises for people because they may not want them.

Now, thankfully, this 1,200 miles per hour jet managed to land safely, and the passenger who had been ejected, he fell into a nearby field and he is safe, just minor injuries, and he's safe.

But if it had happened at sea or somewhere else, it could have been much, much worse. And I just imagined the people in his office who arranged this. This will be fun for Bob.

Let's do this. They must have seen this scene of this guy being ejected.
GARRY KASPAROV
It was definitely fun.
CAROLE THERIAULT
I know, but Bob could just learn how to say no thanks, dudes.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Non merci. Well, yeah. But sometimes, Carole, social pressure makes you do things you don't want to do, doesn't it?
CAROLE THERIAULT
There's not a lot of that right now. No, don't worry about it.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Well, this incident took place last year, but it's all coming out now in the official French MOD's report, which I have linked to in the show notes, where you can hear more about everything which happened.

But obviously a happy ending, otherwise I wouldn't have told this story. But extraordinary. And don't organise surprises for people. And that is why it was my pick of the week.
CAROLE THERIAULT
I'll never organise a surprise for you ever again.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Thank you, Carole. Not even on your Animal Crossing island? Garry, what is your pick of the week?
GARRY KASPAROV
My pick of the week: people burning down cell towers thinking they cause or worsen coronavirus. And unless I'm wrong, there were 3 arsons in England recently.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yeah, 20 towers have been damaged.
GARRY KASPAROV
Celebrities posting on social media about 5G being dangerous. It's just what I can say.

Disasters always bring this out in people, a tendency towards superstition and conspiracy theories.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yeah.
GARRY KASPAROV
As with the 9/11 truthers, probably the first modern example of global conspiracy theory online. So now there's a new one every week.

And this behavior is for me, it's like going back to medieval times. It's like burning witches. Or throwing virgins into a volcano.

Yeah, by the way, Krakatoa just erupted, but finding virgins may be harder these days.
GRAHAM CLULEY
I think in the old days, volcanoes weren't that easy to find. I don't know where you were living, Garry, but it wasn't happening that much.
GARRY KASPAROV
Yeah, but it's amazing. It's just, you know, we have so much anti-science thinking that is so prevalent these days.

On the right, you have so many people who do not believe in climate change. On the left, you have people thinking that humans are the real virus.

And by the way, both sides have plenty of people who insist that vaccines are dangerous. This is what can happen without one vaccine.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Do you think that's going to carry on being the case, people, the anti-vaxxers, considering we're currently all hanging out for a vaccine, or will people be reluctant to take the coronavirus vaccine when eventually it's developed?

Thinking it's going to be something nasty.
GARRY KASPAROV
I'm afraid that the conspiracy theories will not die.

Even today in America, in the midst of this pandemic, you have a lot of people saying, oh, it's just, you know, it's like an ordinary flu or, you know, it's— the fact is that conspiracy theories, they sound more attractive.
CAROLE THERIAULT
It's not just that. It's just you don't know what to believe, right? People don't know what news sources are reliable. They don't trust the big media houses. They trust their friends.
GARRY KASPAROV
And in America, you have, you know, now the truth is no longer being universal. You have, you know, the stories, you know, for red states and blue states.

So when the country is so divided, and it's not just America, I believe it's going across Europe, so it's so easy to sell fake news.

And that's why I'm not sure that even at the end of this crisis, pandemic crisis, so we'll have vaccination all over the place.

No, that's very clear that, you know, it's this, the vaccines, you know, it could save lives, but there'll be a lot of people saying the opposite.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yes.
GARRY KASPAROV
That's not sorry, my story doesn't have the same, you know, happy ending as yours.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Don't worry, I go last and mine's got a good ending.
GRAHAM CLULEY
You had volcanoes and virgins. I mean, who's to complain about that? Carole, what's your pick of the week?
CAROLE THERIAULT
Jesus, this show. So I have two things, right? Some of us need to get away from the virus, some of us need our daily fix, so I've got something for both of you.

Okay, first the daily fixers, the guys that need to read about it and want to have a different point of view.

So I have a friend based in Boston and she, among many things that she does, is an artist and she is currently creating an illustrative series on her day-to-day experiences since early March.

She returned from holiday to this whole new world.

And she has a young family, and the whole thing is drawn so fiercely and with feeling, and I just love it, and I wanted to share it with everybody.

So the artist is Maria Fotounakis. Her work is called Extraordinary Times: A COVID-19 Visual Journal, and the name is perfect because I think her work is extraordinary.

So you can find it on Webtoons, and I will put a link on the Smashing Security website.
GRAHAM CLULEY
I've had a chance to check this out already, and it is really... It is very good, I have to say. Really good stuff.
CAROLE THERIAULT
It is, it's beautiful.

Now, for those of you that need something entirely unrelated to what is going on, may I suggest reading the long Sunday article in New York Times called "The Weirdly Enduring Appeal of Weird Al Yankovic." Now, do you know him, Graham?
GRAHAM CLULEY
Weird Al Yankovic, he is an American, well, not a sort of satirical pop star. He does sort of spoof songs, doesn't he? Has been doing it for decades.
CAROLE THERIAULT
40 years he's been doing it. Do you know him, Garry, or no?
GARRY KASPAROV
No.
CAROLE THERIAULT
He's a genius, man. He's a genius. Let me tell you some of his songs, right?
GRAHAM CLULEY
Is he a genius?
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yeah.
GRAHAM CLULEY
He's a genius.
CAROLE THERIAULT
He's a genius, okay? The song "She Drives Me Crazy," he reworked into "She Drives Like Crazy." Yeah, smart.
GRAHAM CLULEY
That's not genius, Carole.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Okay, look, I'm talking to the chess champion, not you. "Addicted to Love," he turned into "Addicted to Spuds." You see? Brilliant.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Brilliant.
CAROLE THERIAULT
And "I Think We're Alone Now." "I Think I'm a Clone Now." Very, very apt for today's technology world, right?
GRAHAM CLULEY
Are we at all worried that society is dumbing down, Carole?
CAROLE THERIAULT
Look, it is a genius, genius piece.
GARRY KASPAROV
I loved it.
CAROLE THERIAULT
And you don't even have to read it, for those who don't like to read, because The Daily gave it— put it on their podcast on Sunday so you can hear it read to you.

And it's, I listened— I read it and then I listened to it because I love Weird Al, and I remember all lyrics because I was about 12.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Does the audio version have excerpts from his songs as well?
CAROLE THERIAULT
Don't worry, I'm going to play an excerpt on this show. I'm going to break copyright and play an excerpt.
GARRY KASPAROV
If you break copyright, just be aware, you know, they can just remove the show from—
CAROLE THERIAULT
Okay, okay. Well, Weird Al, maybe you'll give me permission.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Okay, it's all right for Weird Al to rip off everybody's song but not for you to rip off his song?
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yeah, I'll change some of the words in the song. Anyway, so those are my picks, picks of the week.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Marvelous. Well, on that uplifting but not necessarily that artistic note, that just about wraps it up.

Garry Kasparov, I'm sure lots of our listeners would love to follow you online. Thank you so much for joining us on the show.
GARRY KASPAROV
Thanks for inviting me, Sir Wenders. Let's hope that, you know, we'll at one point, we can, you know, we can have this recording come to life.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Yes, that would be fantastic. Fantastic. In the meantime, what's the best way for people to find out more about you or to follow you online?
GARRY KASPAROV
I have kasparov.com, my website, but Twitter is Kasparov63, and I'm all the time on Twitter. And of course I'm on Facebook as well.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Good man. Well, you can also follow us on Twitter @SmashingSecurity, no G. Twitter won't allow us to have a G.

And we also have an active community on Reddit on the Smashing Security subreddit. And if you want to leave us a little voicemail, you can do that as well.

Go to smashingsecurity.com/voicemail.
CAROLE THERIAULT
A drizzillion thank yous for listening to us. You are keeping Smashing Security alive by listening to us each week, literally.

Also, a huge thank you to this week's Smashing Security sponsor, Boxcryptor. Its support helps us give you this show for free.

Check out smashingsecurity.com for past episodes, sponsorship details, and information on how to get in touch with us.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Until next time, cheerio, bye-bye.
GARRY KASPAROV
Thank you.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Stay safe.
GRAHAM CLULEY
Thank you very much, Garry.
GARRY KASPAROV
Thank you.
GRAHAM CLULEY
We really appreciate it. We will send you a link when the episode goes live.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Yes, he wants to go.
GRAHAM CLULEY
I know he wants to go.
CAROLE THERIAULT
Goodbye, Garry.
GARRY KASPAROV
Yes, yes.

It turns out that it’s all too easy for people to be duped into starting free trials of an app, not realising they will be automatically converted into a paid subcription.

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Such apps are often labelled as free, but just about every feature has to be paid for… so if you want to actually experience the app you need to make an in-app purchase or sign-up for a subscription. However, if the apps cannot perform their most basic core function without requiring a user to sign up for a subscription – how can that be considered free?

In some examples, subscriptions could end up costing users hundreds or even thousands of dollars per year.

Fortunemirror app
This daily horoscope app charges users $69.99 a week, which adds up to $3,639.48‬ per year. Source: Sophos

In an update posted yesterday, Google announced new rules for Android app developers wishing to have their app distributed in the Google Play store:

You, as a developer, must not mislead users about any subscription services or content you offer within your app. It is critical to communicate clearly in any in-app promotions or splash screens.

In your app: You must be transparent about your offer. This includes being explicit about your offer terms, the cost of your subscription, the frequency of your billing cycle, and whether a subscription is required to use the app. Users should not have to perform any additional action to review the information.

Google lists some examples of the common violations they have seen in apps related to free trial offers and subscriptions:

  • Monthly subscriptions that do not inform users they will be automatically renewed and charged every month.
  • Annual subscriptions that most prominently display their pricing in terms of monthly cost.
  • Subscription pricing and terms that are incompletely localized.
  • In-app promotions that do not clearly demonstrate that a user can access content without a subscription (when available).
  • SKU names that do not accurately convey the nature of the subscription, such as “Free Trial” for a subscription with an auto-recurring charge.
  • Offers that do not clearly explain how long the free trial or introductory pricing will last.
  • Offers that do not clearly explain that the user will be automatically enrolled in a paid subscription at the end of the offer period.
  • Offers that do not clearly demonstrate that a user can access content without a trial (when available).
  • Offer pricing and terms that are incompletely localized.

To illustrate some of the methods used by fleeceware, Google shared images of an example app breaking store policies related to subscriptions and free trial offers.

Example offending apps

Google says that any new apps or app updates published on Google Play from now on must abide by the rules, and that existing apps have until mid-June to come into compliance.

Apple’s guidelines already require developers to make sure their “app description, screenshots, and previews clearly indicate whether any featured items, levels, subscriptions, etc. require additional purchases,” but in my investigations there are still plenty of sketchy apps (many of which are related to astrology or celebrity lookalikes) that continue to behave in what appears to be an underhand manner.

I installed one such celebrity lookalike app on my iPhone, and when i hit search it instantly demanded I signed up for a £7.99 weekly “Diamond Membership” subscription, whilst tantalisingly scrolling pictures of George Clooney (I should be so lucky…) and other potential lookalikes up and down my screen.

Another celebrity lookalike app for iOS informed me that my wife was a “99% doppelganger” match with someone famous. The famous celebrity’s image was tantalisingly obscured through pixelisation, but could be unlocked if I agreed to sign up for what would turn out to be an expensive weekly subscription.

Sophos researcher Jagadeesh Chandraiah, who did the initial research into Android fleeceware and more recently has studied fleeceware in the iOS App Store, welcomed the news of Google’s change in policy, and tweeted that he hoped Apple would follow suit with tougher regulations.


Graham Cluley is an award-winning keynote speaker who has given presentations around the world about cybersecurity, hackers, and online privacy. A veteran of the computer security industry since the early 1990s, he wrote the first ever version of Dr Solomon's Anti-Virus Toolkit for Windows, makes regular media appearances, and hosts the popular "Smashing Security" podcast. Follow him on TikTok, LinkedIn, Bluesky and Mastodon, or drop him an email.

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