
Holy mackerel! AI is jumping on the religion bandwagon, ransomware gangs target hospitals, and what’s happened to your old mobile phone number?
All this and much much more is discussed in the latest edition of the “Smashing Security” podcast by cybersecurity veterans Graham Cluley and Carole Theriault, joined this week by “Ransomware Sommelier” Allan Liska.
Warning: This podcast may contain nuts, adult themes, and rude language.
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This transcript was generated automatically, probably contains mistakes, and has not been manually verified.
Hello, hello, and welcome to Smashing Security, Episode 359. My name's Graham Cluley.
Hello, Allan. Bonjour. Hello. You're not actually French, are you? I don't know why.
Whenever I visit Bordeaux, which is my favorite city in the world, I try my best to speak French, but it sounds very much like a Southern American trying to speak French, and they just say, please speak English and stop.
So not French.
In fact, for a couple of years, we hosted BSidesBordeaux to bring security people into Bordeaux and have talks and drink wine. And it was a lot of fun.
Unfortunately, I haven't been able to keep up with it as much as I'd like to. But I'm hoping we'll be able to get it back at some point. But yes, I'm a huge, huge fan of wine.
If you ever want to phish me, promise me a 1982 Château Margaux and I will click on whatever link you want.
Now, coming up on today's show, Graham, what do you got?
You see, a few months ago, he changed his mobile phone number. I don't know what happened. Maybe he changed his cell phone provider, whatever. He changed his mobile phone number.
And he tried to log into his Instagram account. And to do that, he entered his new phone number. And it logged him into some random woman's account.
Of course, there's loads of bad stuff going on there, everywhere else. Even if you went on Club Penguin, there's probably bad stuff going on there, right?
Everywhere there's bad stuff. And people are going to be exchanging messages which they certainly anticipate will be kept private.
You wouldn't want someone reading, you know, your pro—
And then he noticed that his Amazon Alexa Echo thing, bing bong, kept on giving him reminder notifications after he connected it to his new mobile number.
Reminders that he hadn't himself set.
Oh my God, I know that I am ashamed to admit it on this podcast, but it's true. So what does he do? He's got access to this woman's, this young woman's Instagram account.
And so of course, first thing he does is he messages the owner, the proper owner of the account, from his own account, warning her to reset all of her accounts, remove her old phone number, add presumably her new mobile phone number rather than her previous one.
No, actually, he doesn't do that at all. Oh, he doesn't get in contact with them. Instead, he was curious.
And so what he did was he found out, oh, I wonder what other apps and what other accounts I can log into with this phone number, which is new to me, but previously was owned by someone else.
No, you would do it before you contacted the woman because you'd want to see how big of a problem it was to back up your argument before you tell her to change the passwords or whatever.
Because many of these sites, if you can't remember your password, they'll say, "Oh, well, if you want to reset your password, then tell us some other information about yourself.
Do you know what your mobile phone number is?" And then when you enter the mobile phone number, it sends you a text, a confirmation code.
It's an authentication code really, isn't it?
Which you then enter to say, "Yes, I am the owner of this mobile phone." It says, "All right, well, we'll let you reset the password then." Oh my God.
So effectively, he's stalking people.
What they do is they wait. Well, it depends where you are in the world, but some places like America, it may be 45 days, other places it may be 6 months. It doesn't matter.
Your phone number eventually gets recycled. This is one of the big problems with phone numbers is we just use numbers.
If we had alphanumerics, if you had a phone number which was 9KBB!, if we had phone numbers that, we'd have much more variation.
We wouldn't have so much trouble, but numbers run out, so they get recycled.
So he at this point got worried, not because he might be found guilty of stalking this woman and accessing her accounts without permission, which I think is a bloody dodgy thing that he did, but because he was thinking, hang on, my old number might be recycled.
Someone else might get access to my accounts.
So I find it quite hard to feel sympathetic towards him, because it does seem that he was worried more about himself when he posted this message on Reddit than this young woman.
Now, there is potentially some blame on tech companies here, though, because I think no platform should ever have just your phone number as a login credential when these phone numbers are recycled so often.
And they asked me loads of questions, information, my address, my age, all this stuff. And I'm giving this information away to them.
Is it all going into ChatGPT? Can you give me details exactly what this training is?
And that is also the opinion of a privacy wonk called Alexander Hanf. Who posted about this thing on LinkedIn. This is where I found out about this story.
He tried to contact Meta, the owners of Facebook and Instagram, via its bug bounty program because he couldn't find any other way. He wasn't after any money.
He wasn't after a bounty. He just thought, how the hell do I contact Facebook to tell them about this?
And, you know, but they do have control over allowing people to log in with just a phone number. It's part of that design.
When you try and reuse an old password, they'll let you know, hey, please don't use this password again. So I think that that is a ridiculous and short-sighted argument.
You know, we have to be aware of the shortcomings everywhere else around us, including with the phone companies.
He said it would have taken longer than that for a human to even have read what he wrote to them, let alone evaluate it. You know what?
So the truth is Facebook, Instagram, these other sites, they don't want the hassle of dealing with how many millions of people forget their passwords every day and say, oh, we can't prove who we are.
And so that's why they're pushing this. You can reset your password by your phone number because it's so much easier for the tech company, but it's poorer for security.
They could insist upon the use of authentication apps, one-time passwords instead of SMS-based authentication, but too much hassle. They don't want to do it.
Also, should telecoms companies be doing more to warn users when they change their phone number?
T-Mobile, I noticed they do advise companies to change the numbers on any accounts they may have their old number saved on, such as bank accounts and social media, etc.
But many others, I think, aren't doing this at all. So once again, SMS is a load of old rubbish.
What about putting an emoji in there? Allan, what would your number be if you didn't have to have a number?
And that way my password and my phone number are the same thing. So much easier to get through life.
I mean, everybody's phone number would be their first pet and their date of birth. So yes, that will—
Right now, as we're recording, Romania has more than 100 hospitals that are under attack by a ransomware attack that seems to be attributed to a Phobos variant, which is ridiculous.
But, you know, we've had the St. Louis Children's Hospital this year. We've had the hospitals in Maine, hospitals in Chicago, a hospital in Germany. And that's just this year so far.
Healthcare is just under nonstop onslaught from ransomware attackers who don't feel like there'll be any consequences for going after a hospital, for shutting down services and so on.
And we need to figure out how to stop it.
Now, in the case of this Romania attack, I read that it was an IT service provider for these hospitals who maybe had been breached, and maybe that's where the attack came through.
So is it possible the ransomware gangs don't know who their actual real victims are, or is it that they just don't care?
And yes, there was an attempt early on in the, you know, back in 2020, in the start of the pandemic, where a bunch of ransomware actors said, oh no, we won't go after hospitals.
And then what they've done is they've changed the definition of hospital over time. So basically only things they deem a qualified hospital count. So for example, St.
Lawrence Children's Hospital in Chicago, which is a nonprofit hospital.
But because they have operating revenues in the hundreds of millions of dollars, they're considered a fair attack, even though that's just what it costs to run a hospital in the US.
That is not them making that money. That, you know, according to Lockbit, that doesn't matter. That means that they're rich enough that they can afford to pay the ransom.
One, it gets a lot of attention, so it gets a lot of media press, which garners more, for lack of a better term, street cred or clout for the ransomware group.
So if you're operating a RaaS service, you know, you can get more people to sign up for that.
But the thought is that because it causes so much disruption, that hospitals are going to be more likely to pay a ransom. Now, the evidence doesn't bear that out.
Hospitals are actually one of the least likely targets to pay a ransom. But I think the ransomware actors think that way.
There's also the possibility because patient records are so valuable on the underground market, on the identity theft market, because you have basically everything, you know, going back to your point earlier, Carole, you have the phone number, you have the address, you have in the US Social Security number.
All of that is part of your patient record.
And so even if you're not going to get paid, if you steal enough patient records, you can make that money selling that on underground forums. It's gross.
I figure you take out one of these dudes with a drone while they're sitting in their house, and all of them will very quickly learn not to go after hospitals.
You know, and I mean, it's not like their OPSEC is that great.
We saw this when Australia a couple of weeks ago, you know, hit the sanctions on the ransomware actor that went after Medibank.
They had everything except for what he had for lunch that day. You know, you may think you have good OPSEC as a cybercriminal, but you don't have GCHQ OPSEC, right?
Like, you can't hide from people that have satellites.
And so we know where most of these— not me personally, but I am sure intelligence agencies could very quickly find out where they are. And one drone strike and you take them out.
Barring that, since we can't seem—
We, you know, shut down cryptocurrency exchanges to try and get them to make it harder to launder their money.
The ransomware groups that aren't in the US, we are arresting a lot— or not in, you know, the ones that aren't in Russia, I should say.
Those are the ones that we're doing a better job of arresting. We're taking down their infrastructure. I think we could take down their infrastructure faster.
We're doing a lot of things, but they're just more nimble than law enforcement is.
As much great work as law enforcement has been doing recently, it still takes long time to build a case, share the intelligence across the different agencies around the world, and then take that action.
In the meantime, the ransomware actors can operate, you know, basically with impunity.
I mean, we saw this with Scattered Spider, the arrest of Scattered Spider a couple of weeks ago, or the one of the actors behind Scattered Spider who lived in Florida.
That took 8 months, which is relatively fast by law enforcement standards.
Yeah, but it still allowed them to just, you know, have a path of destruction behind them for 8 months and, you know, thinking that there was gonna be no consequence.
So you weren't allowed to pay a ransom to kidnappers. In fact, if you reported a kidnapping, they didn't just make it illegal for you to pay the ransom.
They also temporarily froze all of your assets so that you couldn't pay a ransom.
It's really hard to get solid kidnapping data, but contemporary reports say the kidnappings went up.
I just can't find real hard numbers, which as an analyst drives me nuts, in part because the kidnappers could double extort you, right?
They could get the money if you had the resources. They could get the money to pay the ransom.
But then also, once you paid the ransom, they could blackmail you for paying the ransom.
And even though that period was very, very painful, eventually the number of kidnappings in Italy went down significantly. But there were a couple of years of pain.
And the question is, are we willing to put businesses through a couple of years of pain in the hopes that ransomware will go away and it won't?
I mean, maybe it takes a different form. There'll be a new kind of cybercrime activity that's happening. So we're not really solving the problem.
We're just morphing the problem into something else. On the other hand, I'm tired of cybercriminals driving Lamborghinis while I drive a Subaru.
And it's helped along by companies that don't want to be left behind, thinking that all their competitors are doing it.
They want to automate processes so they can reduce the resource bills. And they want to make a quick buck or $10 million, right?
But an area that I don't think we've ever explored on Smashing Security is how AI and religion intersect.
I'm imagining that if I have to roll out once a week or however often onto his little balcony and give a sermon or a speech or say something, albeit in Latin or Italian, I don't know what he does, but anyway, AI will help me construct that sermon, you know, because there's only so many stories you can roll out when you're 70.
You've done them all in the past before. So that would help me. And it could do the translation as well, maybe, which would be good.
And the nice thing is when you go to confession as a Catholic, they're, "Oh yeah, say some Hail Marys or whatever."
And one cool thing, or for me, I thought was quite cool, is generative AI systems could be trained on massive troves of scriptures, right?
And religious texts and images and make them more accessible to all. And this includes ancient texts as well.
Computer scientists from the University of Kentucky used AI to reveal the contents of a carbonized papyrus that was burnt in the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79, or 79 AD.
Scientists looked through 3D X-ray images of the papyrus, and they trained AI to read letters in the scrolls based on subtle changes left in the structure of the papyrus by the ancient ink.
And the AI was able to decipher and translate the ancient Greek word for purple on the scroll. That's pretty cool, don't you think?
I hate to bring it up, but I feel I should say something. Surely it's papyrus.
So I'm just going to throw that out there for the world to have.
They may be in a Sanskrit language or Gupta script, and these could be processed, translated for all. It's kind of amazing.
There was a recent article in The Conversation, this is included in the show notes, listeners, that explains how we are about to witness the birth of a brand new kind of religion, and it predicts the emergence of sects devoted to worship of AI.
So the Mormon AI taking on the Catholic AI, taking on the Protestant AI, persecuting each group, right? Exactly.
I think we're gonna have the different religious trained AIs just all battling each other out, man.
And this guy is not just a friar. He's an ethics professor, an ordained priest, and a self-proclaimed geek. And he is very active in this AI debate.
Benanti writes papers Rome's Call for AI Ethics, suggesting the moral ground rules for AI use.
In it, the friar/professor highlights the essential principles of transparency, inclusion, accountability, impartiality, reliability, security, and privacy.
Papers this led Benanti to be appointed last year as one of the 38 experts selected by the UN Secretary-General as the new advisory body on AI.
And according to Politico, Benanti is most worried about two potential consequences when it comes to AI.
He says, quote, "What we are seeing right now is not a canary in the coal mine as much as a vulture trying to eat our carrion." So that's colorful.
And he says he's been completely replaced now by AI.
But I guess if you're the owner, you save a lot of money.
So secondly, his second point that Benanti is unsettled by is the prospect that some people might be becoming overly reliant on AI systems for key choices.
So he says, quote, "We need to give back to people the ability to decide by their conscience." And in recent weeks, the 50-year-old Padre, who coined, interestingly, coined the term AlGorithms.
And I can think of someone that might have wished he'd come up with that himself — someone from a while ago who ran for president of the USA.
Benanti joined the Microsoft papa Bill Gates at a meeting with Italian Prime Minister Giorgia Meloni.
And there Benanti presided over a commission seeking to save Italian media from ChatGPT bylines and general AI oblivion.
So he seems to be the go-to guy for all things AI and ethics. He hangs out in the Pope's circle. He has the ear of political leaders. Global tech giants go to him for some advice.
And he seems to be trying very hard to put the ethical brakes on something that might have been allowed to bolt from the stables, maybe perhaps some might think a little early.
What are your thoughts here, guys? Allan?
I wish it was a Jesuit that was actually doing this. And I know that I've just derailed your whole conversation, which is really important to have, but I can't help it.
The friar thing really sticks in my craw.
I mean, obviously, barn door is open, everything's bolted, but no harm in trying to create some kind of standards and some kind of ethics, but inevitably, it will be broken and ignored.
You could drive sauced to the eyeballs without a worry in the world, and it was only the accidents and the needless deaths across the lands that led to rules and regulations, right, that we totally depend on now.
So maybe that's how it works.
Governments around the world trying to regulate AI when AI has been around for more than a decade now. They're now trying to regulate it.
And so I think we're going to have to go through much more pain before we get to good regulation of AI.
And then just car companies, the AI companies are going to spend their hard-earned money lobbying the government to loosen whatever regulations they put in place.
Or they're affiliated with some business or—
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And thanks to Vanta for supporting the show. And welcome back. And you join us at our favorite part of the show, the part of the show that we like to call Pick of the Week.
Pick of the Week.
It doesn't have to be security-related necessarily.
Because in readiness for this program, I thought, what am I going to choose as my Pick of the Week for the next episode?
And my eye was drawn to a series streaming on Netflix called One Day, based upon a book, based upon an awful movie. Apparently it was rubbish.
I hadn't read the book, I hadn't seen the movie, but it sounded kind of romantic. I thought, oh, this sounds like my cup of tea.
It's about a couple and they— you see them, they meet when they're just graduating from university on a particular day of the year, and it comes back to them every year on that day, what's happened in their lives, follows them over 20 years.
And I thought, oh, this could be really cute. It got a great review in The Guardian. That's why I was drawn to it. I thought, okay, I'll check this out. And it was all right at first.
It was all right. And I have to be honest, by the end of it, I actually quite liked it a lot. But it took me longer than I expected to like it.
And that's why it's not my pick of the week. But what is my nitpick of the week are subtitles. I love subtitles. I put subtitles.
I turn the subtitles on everything because I find I follow more of the plot. I hear what they're saying. I'm reading the subtitles all the time. I'm reading the subtitles.
I'm watching this program and I think, oh, this is cute, this is cute.
And then I noticed something in episode 1 of One Day, which carried on through the following 12, 13, 14 following episodes.
And it was every time— at first it was the boy's character, the man's character. Every time he went like that, it would write "clicks mouth" in square brackets.
I said, did you notice how they keep on saying clicks mouth? And then the female character, she was clicking her mouth.
And by the end of about episode 4, every time it said, "Clicks mouth," I was like, "There's another one.
There's another one." And it was taking me out of the— "Clicks mouth." "Just done it again." It wasn't necessary.
I'm sure anybody who has some hearing impairment was not having their enjoyment of the drama improved by saying, "Clicks mouth." And then it would say things like, "Keys jangle," when he put his keys into the bowl.
I don't mind if there's a sound which would actually help people who are hearing impaired to tell them, oh, there's a police car outside, or there's a screech of, you know, something like that, or a gunshot.
That's fair enough. Click's mouth? Not necessary. That is why it is my nitpick of the week. Thank you.
So I have a first edition copy of— first edition British copy, I should say.
Maybe you can tell people what the premise of The Saint is.
Please don't watch that. Also, don't watch the— even though it's got Eliza Dushku in it, who I love, please don't watch the 2016 series from Paramount. That was also bad.
The Saint is just a rich guy because he's a thief, and he goes around and he helps people, but he also helps himself while he's helping people.
A lot of the British '30s, '40s, and '50s antiheroes— so if you look at the Green Archer and the Saint and all of these, they were the antihero.
They did a little bit of good and a little bit of bad. You can find it, at least in the US, on Amazon Prime, so if you have Amazon Prime, you can watch all 6 seasons of it.
And that's kind of what I've been doing.
My specific pick of the week is Leslie Charteris said one of his favorite places to vacation was Palm Springs in California, and so he wanted to do a movie, The Saint Goes to Palm Springs, and he got the script optioned, and then the movie studio sat on it forever.
So in May of 1941, he did a piece with Life magazine where they went to Palm Springs and they did a pictorial detective story.
So it was basically him telling his story through pictures and a little bit of writing, and it's all laid out in this magazine.
And I managed to get a copy of it, and it's just great to read through.
It's also great to see what 1941 Life magazine is like with, you know, because obviously World War II was going on, and so there's another thing that's a pictorial of Army uniforms and Navy uniforms and so on.
And there's an ad for Boris Karloff's favorite shaving cream in there and all kinds of things. But I absolutely just love this pictorial story. It was a great read.
I want to bring back The Saint as a comic book if I could ever get the rights to that. And I mean, I already have my first plot lined out here.
It's going to be called The Saint Gets a Text, and it's one of those texts that comes in that is like, hey, I'll be there in 5 minutes, and you don't know who the person is.
And then they start a conversation pretending to be your friend and they steal all your cryptocurrency. You know, started with that.
But the Saint, of course, would turn the tables and shut down the entire operation. While the police are yelling at him for doing it wrong.
And it's from our pals at Netflix. And the premise is very simple. A tech support employee becomes the unwitting messenger of God. It is actually quite funny.
I actually laughed out loud, which doesn't happen very often. Melissa McCarthy is the star of the show, and it was written by her husband and frequent collaborator Ben Falcone.
Falcone plays Clark, the mid-level tech support worker, a normal average guy, until he's struck by lightning from a divine cloud and starts getting weird powers.
That are hard for people to ignore.
And McCarthy plays Emily, a coworker and a romantic interest of our tech support guy who's been touched by God, and you're watching them kind of fumble along.
Plus, you've got Satan running amok, and God has chosen Clark to be the messenger, and his job's to spread the word and strengthen the hand against the diabolic forces coming for us all.
So it's quite light. Yeah, it's a bit like that show, what was that show with Ted Danson, The Good Place?
It's a very good thing to do while you're making dinner to watch, or if you've had a hard day. It's funny.
So if that sounds like your thing during your downtime, you can find it on Netflix. It's called God's Favorite Idiot, which is a very sweet title. And that's my pick of the week.
Allan, I'm sure lots of our listeners would love to follow you online and find out what you're up to. What's the best way to do that?
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Hosts:
Graham Cluley:
Carole Theriault:
Guest:
Allan Liska – @uuallan
Episode links:
- I changed my number and now i can log into others accounts – Reddit.
- Post by Alexander Hanff – LinkedIn.
- Meta says risk of account theft after phone number recycling isn’t its problem to solve – The Register.
- Things to bear in mind when you change your mobile number – T-Mobile.
- 20+ hospitals in Romania hit hard by ransomware attack on IT service provider – Graham Cluley.
- Ransomware gang claims responsibility for Christmas attack on Massachusetts hospital – The Record.
- Cyberattack Disrupts Operations at Chicago Children’s Hospital: An Examination of the Threat and Its Impact – Medriva.
- Gods in the machine? The rise of artificial intelligence may result in new religions – The Conversation.
- AI: a way to freely share technology and stop it being misused already exists – The Conversation.
- The Friar Who Became the Vatican’s Go-To Guy on AI – The New York Times.
- How AI could change our relationship with religion – The Conversation.
- Meet the Vatican’s AI mentor – POLITICO.
- Focus Areas – AI and Faith – Rome Call.
- Are chatbots changing the face of religion? Three faith leaders on grappling with AI – The Guardian.
- “One Day” – Netflix.
- [Clicks mouth]
- The Saint goes to Palm Springs – YouTube.
- God’s Favorite Idiot – IMDb.
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